← Insights

Private markets

Club Deals and SPVs: How Digitally Recorded Participation Really Works

In a club deal the token does not represent the building or the company — it represents shares of the vehicle. Anatomy of a structure built for restricted circles.

Altherum · 30 March 2026

Guests in conversation on the upper deck of a yacht during the Altherum launch evening

A club deal is a familiar arrangement in private investing: a restricted circle of investors, one identified operation, terms negotiated rather than accepted. What digital infrastructure adds is not a new idea but a cleaner way to administer an established one — more ordered, more traceable, easier to manage across borders. Understanding what the digital record represents in this structure is essential, because in a club deal it is emphatically not the asset.

Why the format suits entrepreneurial wealth

Two features explain its appeal. Many of the operations that interest private investors — in real estate, infrastructure and private companies — are negotiated away from public markets, and the minimum tickets for institutional-quality operations are often beyond the reach of a single individual portfolio. The club deal answers both: a restricted circle pools aligned capital to reach an operation none would access alone, while keeping deal-by-deal choice, direct visibility on the single operation, and governance negotiated rather than imposed. That is why we describe the format as the natural home of entrepreneurial wealth in Club Deals.

The anatomy of the structure

Each operation is carried by a dedicated special-purpose vehicle, created for that operation alone. Admitted investors subscribe shares or quotas of the SPV, and the SPV invests in the target. The token digitally records the corporate participation. The chain is: investor → recorded shares of the SPV → SPV → underlying investment. There is no digital record detached from a real corporate participation, and the investor's position is that of a shareholder, with everything that status implies, as detailed in Three Structures, Three Meanings.

Two registers, one legal truth

Participation is recorded twice: on the platform's digital register — position, participations, vehicle of reference — and in the SPV's official shareholder register, which legally proves title. If the two diverge, the official register prevails. This dual-register principle keeps digital convenience subordinate to corporate law, and it is a detail we suggest investors verify with any operator in this field.

Admission, not subscription

Access is neither open nor automatic. The path runs through identification and anti-money-laundering verification, confirmation of investor category, controlled access to the opportunity, expression of interest, assessment by the vehicle — which retains discretion to accept or decline — subscription of the documentation, entry in the shareholder register, and only then allocation of the digital record. Transfers follow the same logic: verified counterparties, vehicle consent where the documentation provides for it, and reconciliation with the official register. It is an infrastructure for private operations, not a marketplace — a distinction developed in our guide to club deals and SPVs and in our explainer on eligibility.

Where the operations come from

The categories we cover — income and value-add real estate in a repriced European market, infrastructure linked to the energy transition and digital networks, pre-IPO situations, and established private businesses — share one requirement: a defined thesis, defined governance and a documented exit path, operation by operation. Capital remains at risk in all of them; the purpose of the structure is to make that risk legible.

Read for perspective. The documentation for any specific opportunity is what governs your decision.

Continue the conversation

Request a briefing tailored to your role — investor, family office, professional advisor or asset owner.